The simple, round leaves have doubly serrated edges and a pointed tip. The flowers open in spring, just before the leaves. The plant is monoecious. The male flowers are catkin-shaped, 5-12 cm long and yellow in color. The female flowers are very small, remain hidden in the buds throughout the winter, and are 1-3 mm long and red in color. The nut fruit is 1-2.5 in length and 1-2 cm in diameter, with a husk that completely or partially surrounds the shell. The shape and structure of the husk are important in identifying hazelnut species
Growing Conditions: It favors moist, humus-rich soil where winters are mild. Hazelnuts require 1000-2000 mm of rainfall annually and are damaged at temperatures below 2 degrees Celsius. Frost events reduce both crop quantity and quality.
Growing Areas: The Eastern Black Sea region is the place with the best growing conditions for hazelnuts in the world. Hazelnuts, which have a high commercial value, are grown as a monoculture, the sole type of agriculture, in the provinces of Trabzon, Giresun and Ordu. 80% of Türkiye’s hazelnuts come from the Black Sea Region. They are grown in two regions: the Eastern Black Sea, primarily Giresun, Ordu and Trabzon, and the Western Black Sea, primarily Sakarya, Bartin and Zonguldak. Türkiye ranks first in world hazelnut production. Türkiye supplies about 62-65% of the world’s hazelnut production. Moreover, Türkiye grows the highest-quality and most delicious hazelnuts in the world
In Türkiye, the highest-quality, most delicious and highest-yielding hazelnuts are those of Giresun. Yield is a unit used to measure the moisture, oil content and quality of hazelnuts. The lower the moisture and the higher the oil content of the hazelnut, the higher its yield. The highest yield is 55 units. The yields of Giresun hazelnuts range between 53 and 55 units.
Hazelnuts are an excellent source of energy; they give the body strength and energy and relieve physical and mental fatigue. Hazelnuts are highly beneficial for cardiovascular health. They lower cholesterol and help regulate the heart rhythm. Eating hazelnuts regularly every day is very effective in reducing the risk of having a heart attack. They are good for anemia and support body and bone development. It is very beneficial for pregnant women to eat hazelnuts, both for themselves and for their unborn child. They increase sexual potency and are good for varicose veins. Hazelnuts are also beneficial against the common cold and lung diseases. In addition, they are known to beautify the skin. Their most important property is that they are very good for anemia
