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Hazelnut Farming Calendar

Spraying for hazelnut bud moth and May beetle may be carried out. Root suckers and basal shoots can be cleared. Soil samples can be taken.
SEPTEMBER
OCTOBER
Spraying for May beetle may be carried out (in the first half of the month). Pruning and clearing of root suckers and basal shoots can be done. The soil can be dug over and soil samples can be taken. Planting holes can be dug and planting can be done.
Pruning and clearing of root suckers and basal shoots can be done. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be applied. Planting holes can be dug and planting can be done. Lime can be applied and the soil can be dug over.
NOVEMBER
DECEMBER
Pruning and clearing of root suckers and basal shoots can be done. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be applied. Lime and farmyard manure can be applied. The soil can be dug over and big buds (galls) can be collected. Planting holes can be dug and planting can be done.
Farmyard manure and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be applied. Pruning and clearing of root suckers and basal shoots can be done. Planting holes can be dug and planting can be done. Big buds (galls) can be collected.
JANUARY
FEBRUARY
Farmyard manure can be applied. Pruning and clearing of root suckers and basal shoots can be done. Planting holes can be dug and planting can be done. Winter spraying for mussel scale may be carried out.
Half of the nitrogen fertilizer is applied. Pruning and clearing of root suckers and basal shoots can be done. Winter spraying for mussel scale may be carried out. Hazelnut leaf weevil is sprayed (in the first half of the month). Hazelnut bud moth may be sprayed (in the first half of the month).
MARCH
APRIL
Shoot pruning is carried out. Bud moth may be sprayed (at the very beginning of the month). Hazelnut gall midge is sprayed (twice). Hazelnut stink bug is sprayed (in mid-April).
Hazelnut weevil is sprayed. Hazelnut big bud mite is sprayed. The other half of the nitrogen fertilizer is applied. The second clearing of root suckers and basal shoots is carried out. Shoot pruning is carried out.
MAY
JUNE
Shot-hole borer may be sprayed. Mechanical and chemical control of the fall webworm (American white moth) may be carried out.
Leaf samples are taken (in the second half of July). Mechanical control against the hazel shoot borer may be carried out.
JULY
AUGUST
Mechanical control against the hazel shoot borer may be carried out. Mechanical and chemical control of the fall webworm (American white moth) may be carried out. Post-harvest spraying against hazelnut bud moth may be carried out.

Not all of the practices listed in the “Hazelnut Farming Calendar” are carried out every year. Some of these practices are carried out twice a year, some once a year, some once every three years, some once every 4-5 years, and some only when needed. Of these practices;

CARRIED OUT TWICE A YEAR :

  • Application of nitrogen fertilizer,
  • Clearing of root suckers and basal shoots

CARRIED OUT AT LEAST ONCE EVERY YEAR;

  • Pruning of hazelnut bushes, spraying for hazelnut weevil

CARRIED OUT ONCE EVERY THREE YEARS

  • Application of farmyard manure, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer
  • Taking of soil and leaf samples
  • CARRIED OUT ONCE EVERY 4-5 YEARS
  • Digging over the soil, lime application

CARRIED OUT WHEN NEEDED:

  • Control of pests such as hazelnut bud moth, May beetle, hazelnut big bud mite, mussel scale,
  • hazelnut leaf weevil, hazelnut gall midge, shot-hole borer, hazelnut scale insects, fall webworm (American white moth) and hazel shoot borer, as well as diseases such as hazelnut bacterial blight and branch canker.

Pruning: Carried out in October, November, December and January. During this period, in addition to thinning the bushes and branches, branches that have dried out, broken, aged, become diseased, been affected by pests or stopped bearing are cut off at the base. Pruning within the branch, i.e. yield pruning, is carried out.

Shoot Pruning: This is the cutting of newly emerged and emerging shoots growing from the trunks of the branches in April and May.

Soil sample: Taken from at least 5-6 points in the orchard at depths of 0-20 and 20-40 cm.

Leaf sample: Within the 10–15 days before the hazelnuts are harvested, 80-120 leaves are taken from different parts of orchards of up to 20 decares, from the four sides of 25 bushes.

Half of the nitrogen fertilizer is applied in March and the other half in the second half of May or at the beginning of June.

Hazelnut Weevil Spraying: Carried out when 3 or more weevils are found on 10 bushes in different parts of the orchard, and when more than half of the nuts of the dominant hazelnut variety in the orchard have reached lentil size (3-4 mm).

Hazelnut Bud Moth Spraying: Spraying is carried out in late August and in September if 15 or more damaged leaves are found per 100 leaves. If spraying could not be done at this time, spraying against the second-generation larvae may be carried out in late March – early April, provided that they are monitored closely.

Hazelnut Gall Midge: In late March – early April, in orchards where infestation exceeds 50%, spraying is carried out when the majority of hazelnut shoots have 2 leaves.

Hazelnut Leaf Weevil: Carried out in heavily infested orchards.

Hazelnut Big Bud Mite: Sprayed when the shoots have 4 – 5 leaves and the new-year buds in the leaf axils are the size of a pinhead, approximately in the first half of May.

Mussel Scale: Carried out as a winter spraying in February–March, before the buds burst. A summer spraying may also be carried out in May, when 70–80% of the larvae have hatched from the eggs. Summer spraying should not be carried out unless absolutely necessary.

Shot-hole Borer Spraying: Carried out if there are 3 new galleries on 30 branches across 10 bushes.

Hazel Shoot Borer Control: Carried out in July, August and September by cutting and burning the infested shoots.

Fall Webworm (American White Moth): Carried out by cutting off and destroying the branches or branch sections infested with larval nests, or by spraying the second-generation larvae at their 2nd-3rd instars.

Since there is no successful spraying program against diseases such as bacterial blight and branch canker in hazelnuts, control of these diseases consists of removing and burning the infected branches and root suckers.